Volume: 2 Issue: 4
Year: 2025, Page: 149-155, Doi: https://doi.org/10.71325/ajjms.v2i4.25.86
Received: Nov. 3, 2025 Accepted: Dec. 2, 2025 Published: Dec. 29, 2025
Background: Students, especially young ones, predominantly rely on handwriting. Children spend 31 to 60% of their school day performing handwriting and other fine motor tasks, and difficulty in this area can interfere with academic achievement. The purpose of the review was to consolidate the evidence for the association between grip pressure and head position on handwriting fluency and legibility in young children. Method: A thorough literature search for RCTs was conducted using keywords such as handwriting, composition, head position, grip pressure, and young children across PubMed Central, Google Scholar, EBSCO, ProQuest, and Clinical Key databases with “AND”, “OR”, and “NOT” boolean operators. Six research articles met the criteria and were found to be appropriate for the review. Study Selection: Randomised clinical trials were included if they were full-text English articles with dependent variables like head position, fluency, grip pressure and Legibility as outcome measures. Exclusion criteria comprised articles which did not meet the inclusion criteria, those with direct access denied and those that did not align with the keywords. Results: Analysis of the included Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs) highlighted two main conclusions. First, a major limitation across the literature is the lack of a single, universal outcome measure, despite the use of diverse tools like handwriting scales and digital applications. Second, despite this assessment heterogeneity, a consistent positive correlation was found between neck posture and handwriting legibility. Conclusion: Future efforts must prioritise developing a comprehensive, standardised assessment tool for crucial ergonomic factors (head position, grip pressure) in schools, enabling early identification and intervention to improve handwriting and associated psychosocial outcomes.
Keywords: Handwriting; Composition; Head position; Head control; Grip pressure; Young children
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© 2025 Published by Laxmi Memorial Education Trust. This is an open-access article under CC BY 4.0 license. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Bindu Ninan, Royline Fathima Pinto, Meghashree Shetty, Lakshmi. A Scoping Review of Research Analyzing the Effects of Head Position and Grip Pressure on Handwriting Legibility and Fluency in Children. AJ J Med Sci 2025;2(4):149-155